Frequently Asked Question
Frequently asked questions about RFID tags, RFID cards, and RFID readers.
Any questions you considered a lot about RFID tags.
Active RFID tags contain a battery and actively transmit signals at set intervals, which can be detected by an active RFID reader. The battery can either be built into the tag or replaceable. In contrast, passive RFID tags lack a battery and are only activated when they come within the range of a passive RFID reader. Passive tags tend to be more cost-effective but offer less accuracy compared to active tags, especially in certain use cases where battery power can enhance performance.
Additionally, there are semi-passive or battery-assisted passive (BAP) RFID tags. These tags include a battery like active tags but rely on the RFID reader to power communication. The battery can be used to extend range or support sensory functions such as temperature, moisture, humidity, or GPS.
The read distance of an RFID tag depends on multiple factors, including the type of tag, the surrounding environment (e.g., proximity to metal or liquids), how the tag is attached, and its position on the item. While RFID tags often have specified read ranges on their datasheets, it’s advisable to test performance in your specific environment and workflow to ensure the range meets your needs.
Data storage strategies for RFID tags vary by use case. One approach is to use pre-printed, pre-encoded RFID tags, where the tag is linked to data in an RFID management system. This method is simple but effective. Alternatively, data specific to the application or product can be encoded directly onto the RFID tag. For instance, tags may store a product number, serial number, or even detailed service history. The amount of data stored depends on the tag’s memory capacity.
The cost of RFID tags varies significantly based on their type and functionality. Basic passive UHF RFID labels can cost just a few cents, whereas more specialized, durable tags designed for harsh environments can cost several dollars. Tags with additional features such as extra memory, batteries, or sensors will typically cost more.
Advances in RFID technology have made it possible to apply tags to a wide range of materials. Historically, metal and liquids posed challenges, as metal reflects RF signals, and liquids absorb them, making it difficult to energize passive tags. However, today there are specialized RFID tags for metal surfaces, and attachment methods like flag tags can help overcome issues with liquids.
RFID middleware, such as TagMatiks Core, is an effective way to connect RFID data to your ERP or WMS, allowing for streamlined data management and integration with existing systems.
RFID allows for the simultaneous reading of multiple items, unlike barcodes which require individual scanning. This improves efficiency and accuracy by reducing the chances of double scanning or missing items. Another benefit of RFID is serialization, as each RFID tag must be unique, ensuring precise identification. Additionally, RFID doesn’t require a direct line of sight, enabling items to be scanned through stacks or packaging without manual handling.
A “chipless RFID” tag refers to a system that uses RF energy to communicate data without relying on a silicon microchip to store a serial number in the transponder. Some chipless tags are made from plastic or conductive polymers instead of traditional silicon-based microchips. Other types use materials that reflect a portion of the radio waves back to the reader. A computer analyzes the reflected waves, creating a unique pattern that serves as a “fingerprint” to identify the tagged object. Some companies are experimenting with embedding RF-reflecting fibers into paper to prevent unauthorized photocopying of documents. Additionally, specialized inks that reflect certain radio frequencies can be used, for example, to tattoo animals with chipless RFID transponders for identification.
RFID tags can be categorized as read-write, read-only, or “write once, read many” (WORM).
- Read-write tags allow you to add or overwrite data when the tag is within range of a reader. While the serial number typically cannot be changed, additional data blocks can be written to or locked for permanent storage.
- Read-only tags have pre-programmed information stored during the manufacturing process, which cannot be altered afterward.
- WORM tags allow a serial number to be written once, and this information cannot be modified afterward.
There isn’t a “typical” RFID tag, as read ranges vary significantly based on whether the tag is active or passive.
- Active RFID tags have longer read ranges, often exceeding 300 feet, since they broadcast their own signal.
- Passive RFID tags depend on several factors including operating frequency, reader power, and interference. In general:
- Low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) tags are read within 3 feet (1 meter).
- Ultra-high-frequency (UHF) tags have a read range of 10 to 20 feet.
- Specialized readers with phased array antennas can extend the read range of passive tags to 60 feet or more.
There are many RFID vendors, each with expertise in different areas. Some specialize in active RFID tags, while others focus on passive tags. Vendors may concentrate on specific frequency ranges, such as ultra-high frequency (UHF) systems, or offer low-, high-, and UHF options. Among them, JIA RFID is recognized as one of the top global vendors, providing high-quality RFID products across various categories.
While it is true that RFID can face challenges with metal and water, low- and high-frequency (LF and HF) tags tend to perform better in such environments. For instance, low-frequency RFID tags can be embedded in metal auto parts to track them. At ultra-high frequencies (UHF), radio waves tend to bounce off metal and are absorbed by water, making passive UHF tags less effective for tracking metal products or those with high water content. However, recent advancements in RFID technology have led to the development of specialized UHF tags that can overcome these obstacles. Additionally, there are strategies for tagging metal or liquid-based products to ensure reliable read performance.
The goal of the RFID industry is to reach a point where large-scale production drives down the cost of silicon-based RFID tags that can store unique serial numbers to around 5 cents per tag. While costs have been steadily decreasing over recent years, further price reductions are expected as adoption and production volumes increase.
The durability of an RFID tag varies depending on whether it is active or passive.
Active RFID tags rely on batteries, and once the battery is depleted, the tag becomes unusable. The lifespan of an active tag depends on the battery capacity and application conditions—longer read distances can drain the battery faster. However, many active tags are designed with long-life batteries to extend their operational durability.
Passive RFID tags offer significantly longer lifespans, making them a cost-effective investment for RFID systems. For example, Pepperl+Fuchs manufactures passive RFID tags designed for harsh industrial environments, capable of over 100,000 write cycles. FRAM-based tags can be rewritten almost indefinitely. Additionally, some tags come in robust metal housings that can withstand temperatures as high as 220°C. Others are encased in durable plastic, offering resistance to water, chemicals, transformer oil, petrol, and heating oil. Tags with high IP ratings further demonstrate their ability to withstand tough industrial conditions, ensuring long-term reliability.
Any questions you considered a lot about RFID cards.
RFID cards provide direct-to-lift access, eliminating the need to show a ticket at each lift. Place your RFID card in a dedicated jacket pocket, and the gate will automatically recognize it, allowing you to proceed.
Yes, all season passes and daily lift tickets will be loaded onto RFID cards, enabling direct-to-lift access. Once you have an RFID card, there’s no need to visit a ticket window again.
You should carry your RFID card in a jacket pocket, ideally by itself, away from metallic items, cell phones, or other RFID cards. Avoid carrying multiple RFID cards, as this can interfere with the system’s readability.
Yes, you can reload tickets onto your RFID card online, saving you time and money. Simply reload your card before heading to the slopes.
If you lose your RFID card, visit the ticket office to deactivate it and prevent unauthorized use. A replacement card can be issued for a fee.
Yes, both lift tickets and snow tubing tickets will be loaded onto the RFID card, streamlining access to all activities.
No, carrying multiple RFID cards can affect their readability. Each person should carry only their own RFID card through the gates.
No, punching a hole in the RFID card damages the embedded antenna and microchip, rendering the card unusable. Use the card as instructed to avoid replacement fees.
RFID cards are designed to withstand normal wear and tear, including trips through the laundry. However, extreme heat may damage certain features, like the silver stripe on season passes.
No, RFID technology operates on different frequencies, and your RFID card will not interfere with other wireless devices.
The RFID card contains a unique serial number linked to your customer account. No personal information is stored directly on the card.
Yes, hold onto your RFID card for future reloads or season pass purchases. Keeping the same card ensures quicker access on subsequent visits.
No, magnets will not damage or erase the information stored on your RFID card, as it operates on a microchip unaffected by magnetic fields.
A photo is linked to your season pass in the system. When you pass through the gates, the system displays your photo, ensuring that only you can use the card.
Any questions you considered a lot about RFID readers.
An RFID reader is a device that uses radio waves to read and write data stored on RFID transponders. It contains an antenna to retrieve information from the tag and transmits this data to a host system via industrial communication protocols such as Ethernet, MODBUS, or PROFIBUS.
RFID readers come in two main types: stationary and mobile. Stationary readers are permanently installed in specific locations, while mobile (handheld) readers are portable, allowing users to scan items in the field and later upload the data.
Reader collision occurs when two or more RFID readers in close proximity interfere with each other. Modern readers prevent this with frequency hopping or “Dense Reader Mode,” and shielding can also help avoid collisions.
Antenna polarization is key for effective RFID reading. Linear polarization provides greater read range when aligned with the transponder, while circular polarization is better for reading tags with varying orientations.
Selecting the correct RFID reader depends on factors such as antenna polarization, installation space, environmental conditions (temperature, hygiene), and frequency requirements. Compact designs or specialized housings may be needed for specific environments.
Modern RFID readers are designed to prevent interference with other readers through advanced technology like frequency hopping. Additionally, they operate on frequencies regulated to avoid interference with other wireless devices.
