UHF RFIDとは何ですか?

導入

Did you know that UHF RFID systems can read up to 1,000 tags per second from over 10 meters away? That kind of speed and range is revolutionizing how companies track inventory, manage assets, and streamline supply chains.

UHF RFID (Ultra-High Frequency Radio Frequency Identification) is a cutting-edge identification technology gaining momentum across various industries. From retail and logistics to healthcare and agriculture, its ability to enable fast, contactless data exchange is transforming how businesses operate.

Whether you’re exploring RFID for the first time or looking to deepen your understanding, this guide will walk you through what UHF RFID is, how it works, its applications, and why it’s a must-know technology in 2025.

UHF RFIDとは何ですか?

UHF RFID, short for Ultra-High Frequency Radio Frequency Identification, is a wireless communication technology that uses radio waves to identify and track tags attached to objects. It’s one of the three major frequency categories in RFID technology — the other two being Low Frequency (LF) and High Frequency (HF).

UHF typically operates within the 860 MHz to 960 MHz range and is well known for:

Longer read ranges (up to 12 meters or more)
Faster data transmission
Bulk reading capability

In simpler terms, UHF RFID is like a digital “barcode on steroids” — no line of sight needed, and hundreds of items can be read instantly.

UHF RFIDはどのように機能しますか?

To understand how UHF RFID functions, let’s look at its core components:

RFIDタグ: Contain a microchip and antenna that store data.
RFIDリーダー: Emit radio waves and receive data from tags.
アンテナ: Boost the signal between tags and readers.
Middleware/Software: Processes and manages the data collected.

There are two main types of UHF RFIDタグ:

Passive UHF Tags: Rely on energy from the reader’s signal; cheaper and commonly used.
Active UHF Tags: Battery-powered; suitable for long-range and real-time applications.

Key Functionality:

The reader emits a signal in the UHF band.
The tag receives energy, powers on, and sends its data back.
The reader collects this data and sends it to a backend system for processing.

The system can read multiple tags simultaneously, even at high speeds — making UHF RFID ideal for dynamic environments like conveyor belts or fast-moving inventory.

Benefits of UHF RFID Technology

Why is UHF RFID gaining so much traction? Because it solves real-world tracking and automation challenges. Here are the standout benefits:

長い読み取り範囲： Up to 12 meters, even in rugged environments
Bulk Reading: Read hundreds of tags in seconds
コスト効率に優れている： Passive tags are affordable for large-scale use
リアルタイムの可視性: Instant updates on inventory and asset movement
Non-Line-of-Sight: No need to scan directly like with barcodes
Scalability: Suitable for small operations or global supply chains

In short, it boosts efficiency, accuracy, and automation — key pillars for modern businesses.

Common Applications of UHF RFID

UHF RFID has emerged as a core technology in modern automation and tracking systems, offering exceptional range, speed, and versatility. Its ability to read hundreds of tags simultaneously and at long distances makes it invaluable across a wide range of industries.

小売り

在庫管理
盗難防止システム
Automated checkout
リアルタイム在庫更新

物流・サプライチェーン

Shipment tracking
パレット管理
Cross-docking operations
Proof of delivery

製造業

仕掛品（WIP）のトラッキング
Quality control
機器監視

健康管理

Patient wristbands
機器追跡
Pharmaceutical inventory

農業

Livestock monitoring
Farm equipment tracking
Smart irrigation systems

図書館・教育

Book tracking
Lab asset management
アクセス制御

No matter the industry, UHF RFID offers real-time visibility, efficiency, and traceability.

UHF RFID vs HF and LF RFID – Key Differences

特徴	LF（低周波）	HF（高周波）	UHF（極超短波）
頻度	125-134 kHz	13.56 MHz	860-960 MHz
読み取り範囲	約10cm	~1 m	Up to 12 m
データ速度	遅い	適度	速い
料金	低い	適度	変動あり
ユースケース	動物追跡	非接触型決済	Supply chain, retail, logistics

UHF RFID offers the longest read range and fastest performance, making it ideal for fast-paced environments and high-volume tracking.

UHF RFID Standards and Regulations

Standards govern global use of UHF RFID to ensure compatibility:

EPCglobal Gen2 / ISO 18000-6C: Industry standard for passive UHF RFID
FCC (USA): Operates in 902–928 MHz
ETSI (Europe): Operates in 865–868 MHz
Other Regions: Vary slightly depending on telecom regulations

It’s crucial to ensure compliance with regional frequency regulations when deploying UHF RFID globally.

Types of UHF RFID Tags

Passive UHF RFID Tags

Most common
コスト効率が良い
Used in retail, logistics, etc.

Active UHF RFID Tags

電池式
より長い範囲
Used in high-value asset tracking

Semi-Passive (BAP) Tags

Battery-assisted for better performance

Tag Form Factors

Inlays
Labels
Hard tags
Ruggedized tags for metal or harsh environments

Choose the tag type based on your environment, range requirements, and budget.

Challenges and Limitations of UHF RFID

Like any tech, UHF RFID isn’t perfect. Here’s what to consider:

Metal and Liquid Interference: Can block or distort signals
環境要因: Extreme temperatures can affect performance
Line-of-Sight Limitations: Tags in dense stacks may not be read reliably
Upfront Cost: Infrastructure setup can be expensive
Data Overload: Requires robust software to handle large-scale data collection

But with careful planning, these limitations can be minimized or mitigated entirely.

Future Trends in UHF RFID (2025 and Beyond)

UHF RFID isn’t just here to stay — it’s evolving fast. Trends include:

Integration with IoT: Smart sensors + RFID = powerful data insights
Cloud-Based RFID Systems: Manage tags from anywhere
AI & Machine Learning: Predictive analytics using RFID data
Smart Cities & Infrastructure: Traffic flow, waste management, and more
Industry 4.0: Real-time factory automation and digital twins

With lower costs and better performance, expect mass adoption across industries by the end of the decade.

Is UHF RFID Right for You?

UHF RFID is a powerful, scalable technology that can help your business reduce manual processes, cut losses, and improve visibility. Whether you’re managing a warehouse or tracking high-value medical devices, the benefits of long-range, high-speed data capture are game-changers.

But, like all tech, success lies in understanding its strengths and deploying it correctly.

Ready to explore UHF RFID for your business? Start by consulting with a trusted RFID solution provider or conducting a pilot program to evaluate your needs.

UHF RFIDテクノロジーに関するよくある質問

What does UHF RFID stand for?

UHF RFID stands for Ultra-High Frequency Radio Frequency Identification. It refers to RFID systems that operate in the 860–960 MHz frequency range and are capable of reading tags from several meters away.

How does UHF RFID work?

UHF RFID systems use radio waves to communicate between a reader and a tag. The reader sends out a signal that powers up passive tags, which then send their data back to the reader. This enables quick, wireless identification of objects without needing a direct line of sight.

What is the range of a UHF RFID system?

UHF RFID systems typically have a read range of 3 to 12 meters (10 to 40 feet) for passive tags. Active tags with batteries can extend the range significantly, sometimes up to 100 meters or more.